Tsanangudzo
Greenhouse, inozivikanwawo segreenhouse.Nzvimbo inokwanisa kufambisa chiedza, kuramba ichidziya (kana kupisa), uye inoshandiswa kurima zvirimwa.Mumwaka isingakodzeri kukura kwezvirimwa, inogona kupa greenhouse kukura nguva uye kuwedzera goho.Inonyanya kushandiswa kurima chirimwa kana mbesa kurima tembiricha-rudo muriwo, maruva, masango, etc. mu yakaderera tembiricha mwaka.Iyo greenhouse inogona kuona hungwaru isina kurongeka otomatiki kushanda, inodzora otomatiki nzvimbo yegreenhouse, uye ive nechokwadi chekukura kwezvirimwa zvemari.Iyo data yakaunganidzwa nekombuta inogona kunyatso kuratidzwa uye kuverengwa.Inogona kudzorwa otomatiki munzvimbo yekudyara yemazuva ano.
Type
Kune akawanda marudzi e greenhouses, ayo anogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvina zvinotevera zvichienderana neakasiyana denga truss zvinhu, mwenje zvinhu, maumbirwo uye kudziyisa mamiriro.
1. Plastic greenhouse
Yakakura-yakakura yakawanda-span plastic greenhouse imhando yegreenhouse yakaonekwa mumakore gumi apfuura uye yakakurumidza kugadzirwa.Kuenzaniswa negirazi greenhouse, ine zvakanakira uremu huremu, kushoma furemu kushandiswa kwezvinhu, diki shading mwero wezvikamu zvemaitiro, mutengo wakaderera, hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, etc. Kugona kwayo kudzora zvakatipoteredza ndiko kwakanyanya.
Inogona kusvika pamwero wakafanana wegirazi greenhouses, uye kugamuchirwa nevashandisi vepurasitiki greenhouses kwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yegirazi greenhouses munyika, uye yave iyo huru yekuvandudzwa kwemazuva ano greenhouses.
2. Girazi greenhouse
Girazi greenhouse igreenhouse ine girazi sechinhu chakajeka chinovhara.Paunenge uchigadzira nheyo, kunze kwekusangana nezvinodiwa zvesimba, inofanirawo kuva nekugadzikana kwakakwana uye kukwanisa kupikisa kusagadzikana kwekugadzirisa.Nheyo dzakabatana nerutsigiro pakati pembiru dzinofanirawo kunge dziine mhepo yakakwana yekufambisa uye kugadzikana kwenzvimbo.Pazasi pegreenhouse inofanira kunge iri pazasi pevhu rakaomeswa nechando, uye iyo inopisa greenhouse inogona kufunga nezve pesvedzero yekupisa pakadzika kutonhora kwenheyo zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze uye ivhu.Iva nehwaro hwakazvimirira.Kongiri yakasimbiswa inowanzoshandiswa.Strip nheyo.Iyo masonry chimiro (zvidhina, dombo) inowanzoshandiswa, uye kuvaka kunoitwawo ne-on-saiti masonry.Iyo yakasimbiswa kongiri mhete danda inowanzoiswa pamusoro penheyo yekuisa yakamisikidzwa zvikamu uye kuwedzera kusimba kwenheyo.Greenhouse, greenhouse project, greenhouse skeleton mugadziri.
Tatu, solar greenhouse
Nzvimbo yekumberi yakafukidzwa nekupisa kwekupisa husiku, uye kumabvazuva, kumadokero, uye kuchamhembe mativi ane imwe-inotsvedza epurasitiki greenhouses ane akavharika madziro, pamwe chete anonzi solar greenhouses.Yayo prototype ndeye-single-slope girazi greenhouse.Iyo yakajeka yekuvhara zvinhu yekumberi kwemateru inotsiviwa nefirimu repurasitiki pachinzvimbo chegirazi, iro rakashanduka rikava yekutanga solar greenhouse.Iyo solar greenhouse inoratidzwa nekunaka kwekuchengetedza kupisa, kuderera kwekudyara, uye kuchengetedza simba, iyo yakakodzera kwazvo kushandiswa munzvimbo dzangu dzekumaruwa dzisina kubudirira mune hupfumi.Kune rimwe divi, mwaranzi yezuva isimba rakakosha rekuchengetedza tembiricha ye solar greenhouse kana kuchengetedza kuyera kwekushisa;nerumwe rutivi, mwaranzi yezuva ndiyo inovheneka paphotosynthesis yezvirimwa.Kuchengetedza kupisa kwesolar greenhouse kunoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri: chimiro chekuchengetedza kupisa kwemukati uye chinotakurika chekuchengetedza quilt.Iyo yekudzivirira yekupisa yekumberi inofanira kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvinochinjika kuitira kuti zvigone kuiswa kure mushure mekubuda kwezuva uye kuiswa pasi pakuvira kwezuva.Tsvagiridzo uye kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvepamberi pedenga rekudzivirira zvinonyanya kutarisisa pane zvinodiwa zve nyore mechanized mashandiro, mutengo wakaderera, uremu huremu, kuramba kuchembera, kusapinda kwemvura uye zvimwe zviratidzo.
Ina, yepurasitiki greenhouse
Plastic greenhouse inogona kushandisa zvizere simba rezuva, ine kumwe kuchengetedza kupisa, uye inogadzirisa tembiricha uye hunyoro mushedhi mukati meimwe tambo nekukungurutsa firimu.
Plastic greenhouses mumatunhu ekuchamhembe: kunyanya kutamba basa rekudziya kurimwa mukutanga kwechirimo uye mukupera kwematsutso.Inogona kuva 30-50 mazuva apfuura muchirimo uye 20-25 mazuva gare gare mumatsutso.Overwintering kurima haibvumirwi.Munharaunda yekumaodzanyemba: Pamusoro pekuchengetedza kupisa kwemiriwo nemaruva munguva yechando uye muchirimo, uye kurima kwechando (mashizha emashizha), inogonawo kutsiviwa nemumvuri wezuva, unogona kushandiswa pamumvuri uye kutonhora, mvura, mhepo, uye. kudzivirira chimvuramabwe muzhizha uye matsutso.Plastic greenhouse features: nyore kuvaka, nyore kushandisa, kushomeka kwekudyara, inzvimbo yakapusa yekudzivirira yekurima munda.Nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yepurasitiki, inogamuchirwa zvakanyanya nenyika dzepasirese.
Main mudziyo
Chishandiso chekurima chemukati megreenhouse, chinosanganisira dhishi rekudyara, hurongwa hwekupa mvura, dhizaini yekudzora tembiricha, yekuwedzera magetsi system, uye humidity control system;chigadziko chekudyara chakaiswa pazasi pehwindo kana kuti chakaitwa chidzitiro chekudyara zvirimwa;hurongwa hwekugovera mvura hunongopa mvura munguva yakakodzera uye yakakodzera;Iyo tembiricha yekudzora system inosanganisira kupera simba, kupisa fan, tembiricha sensor uye inogara tembiricha yekudzora system bhokisi kugadzirisa tembiricha nenguva;hurongwa hwekuvhenekesa hunosanganisira chiedza chechirimwa uye chiratidziro, chakaiswa chakatenderedza dhishi rekudyara, chinopa mwenje kana pasina masikati, kuitira kuti zvirimwa zvifambire mberi Photosynthesis, uye kudzoreredzwa kwechiedza kunopa nzvimbo yakanaka;iyo humidity control system inobatirana neye exhaust fan kugadzirisa humidity uye kuderedza tembiricha yemukati.
Performance
Magreenhouses anonyanya kusanganisira matatu makuru mabasa: mwenje transmittance, kuchengetedza kupisa, uye kusimba.
Greenhouse application
Internet yezvinhu Tekinoroji (Yakawedzerwa)
Muchokwadi, iyo Internet yeZvinhu tekinoroji ndiyo yekuunganidza uye yakasanganiswa mashandisirwo eakasiyana matekinoroji ekuona, emazuva ano network tekinoroji, uye hungwaru hwekugadzira uye otomatiki matekinoroji.Munzvimbo yegreenhouse, imwe greenhouse inogona kushandisa iyo Internet yeZvinhu tekinoroji kuti ive yekuyera kudzora nzvimbo yewireless sensor network, ichishandisa dzakasiyana sensor node uye node dzine nyore actuators, senge mafeni, low-voltage motors, mavharuvhu uye mamwe akaderera. -current execution Sangano rinoumba isina waya network kuyera iyo substrate humidity, kuumbwa, pH kukosha, tembiricha, humidity yemhepo, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo, kusimba kwechiedza, carbon dioxide concentration, etc. kudzora kudiridza uye fetiraiza mashandiro, kuitira kuwana chirimwa kukura mamiriro.
Kune mapaki ekurima ane greenhouses, iyo Internet yeZvinhu inogona zvakare kuona otomatiki ruzivo rwekuziva uye kutonga.Nekushongedzerwa neasina waya sensor node, yega yega isina waya sensor node inogona kutarisa akasiyana ezvakatipoteredza paramita.Nekugamuchira iyo data inotumirwa neiyo isina waya sensor convergence node, kuchengetedza, kuratidza uye manejimendi data, kutora, manejimendi, kuongorora uye kugadzirisa ruzivo rweese mabhesi ebvunzo mapoinzi anogona kuitika, uye anogona kuratidzwa kune vashandisi mune yega greenhouse. muchimiro che intuitive magirafu uye macurves.Panguva imwecheteyo, ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana rwearamu uye ruzivo rwearamu uye ruzivo rweSMS runopihwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekudyara zvidyarwa, kuitira kuti uone kwakadzika uye netiweki kure kure manejimendi yegreenhouse.
Uye zvakare, iyo Internet yeZvinhu tekinoroji inogona kuiswa kumatanho akasiyana ekugadzira greenhouse.Panguva iyo greenhouse yakagadzirira kuiswa mukugadzirwa, nekugadzirisa zvakasiyana-siyana sensors mu greenhouse, ruzivo rwemukati rwezvakatipoteredza rwegreenhouse runogona kuongororwa munguva chaiyo, kuitira kuti usarudze zviri nani marudzi akakodzera ekudyara;muchikamu chekugadzira, varapi vanogona kushandisa tekinoroji yeInternet yeZvinhu kuunganidza tembiricha mugreenhouse Mhando dzakasiyana dzeruzivo senge, humidity, nezvimwewo, kuwana manejimendi akanaka.Semuenzaniso, nguva yekuvhura uye yekuvhara ye shading mambure inogona kudzorwa-sensor zvichienderana neruzivo rwakadai sekushisa uye chiedza mu greenhouse, uye nguva yekutanga yekupisa inogona kugadziriswa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekushisa hwakaunganidzwa, nezvimwewo;Mushure mekunge chigadzirwa chakohwewa, ruzivo rwunounganidzwa neInternet yezvinhu runogonawo kushandiswa kuongorora mashandiro uye zvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvezvirimwa pamatanho akasiyana uye nekuzvidzosera kuchikamu chinotevera chekugadzira, kuitira kuti uwane hutongi hwakajeka uye kuwana. zvigadzirwa zviri nani.
Kushanda musimboti
Iyo greenhouse inoshandisa pachena yekuvharisa zvinhu uye midziyo yekudzora kwezvakatipoteredza kuti igadzire yemuno microclimate, uye inomisikidza yakakosha zvivakwa zvinobatsira mukukura nekusimudzira zvirimwa.Basa regreenhouse kugadzira mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza akakodzera kukura kwezvirimwa uye kusimudzira kuti uwane kugadzirwa kwakanaka.Solar radiation inodzorwa neshortwave radiation inopinda mugreenhouse kuburikidza neyakajeka zvinhu zvegreenhouse.Iyo greenhouse ichawedzera indoor pasi tembiricha uye tembiricha uye kuchishandura kuita longwave mwaranzi.
Yakareba-wave radiation inovharwa neiyo greenhouse inovhara zvinhu mugreenhouse, nekudaro ichigadzira indoor kupisa kuunganidza.Kuwedzera kwekushisa kwekamuri kunonzi "greenhouse effect".Iyo greenhouse inoshandisa "greenhouse effect" kuzadzisa chinangwa chekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa, uye inogadzira nzvimbo yakakodzera yekukura kwezvirimwa mumwaka apo zvirimwa zvisina kukodzera kudyarwa pamhepo nekugadzirisa tembiricha yemukati, nekudaro ichiwedzera goho.
Oriental uye nyaya dzenzvimbo
Zviri nani kuenda mhiri kwechando layer.Iyo yekutanga dhizaini yegreenhouse yakavakirwa pachimiro che geological uye mamiriro ekunze ekunze.Nheyo yacho yakadzika munzvimbo dzinotonhora uye nzvimbo dzakasununguka dzevhu.
Sarudzo yesaiti inofanirwa kuve yakatsetseka sezvinobvira.Kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo yegreenhouse kunokosha zvikuru.Mvura yepasi haifaniri kunge yakanyanyisa, dzivisa makomo marefu uye zvivako zvinovhara chiedza, uye kune vashandisi vekudyara nekuberekesa, mashedhi haagoni kuvakwa munzvimbo dzakasvibiswa.Mukuwedzera, nzvimbo dzine monsoons dzakasimba dzinofanira kufunga nezvekudzivirira kwemhepo yegreenhouse yakasarudzwa.Kupokana nemhepo kweakawanda greenhouses kunofanirwa kunge kuri pamusoro pe8.
The orientation of the greenhouse ine simba guru pakupisa kwekuchengetedza simba mugreenhouse, kusvika kune solar greenhouse.Maererano nezvakaitika, zviri nani kuti magreenhouses ari kumaodzanyemba atarise kumadokero.Izvi zvinoita kuti greenhouse iunganidze kupisa kwakawanda.Kana magreenhouses akawanda akavakwa, nzvimbo pakati pemagreenhouses haifaniri kunge iri pasi pehupamhi hweimwe greenhouse.
The orientation of greenhouse zvinoreva kuti misoro yegreenhouse iri kuchamhembe nekumaodzanyemba kumativi.Kutarisa uku kunoita kuti zvirimwa zviri mugreenhouse zvigovane zvakaenzana.
Iyo madziro emadziro e greenhouse inogona kushandiswa chero iine yakanaka kuchengetedza kupisa uye kupisa kwekuchengetedza kugona.Rusvingo rwomukati rwegreenhouse rwakasimbiswa pano runofanira kuva nebasa rekuchengetedza kupisa, uye masonry ezuva rinopisa rinofanira kuchinjwa kumamiriro emunharaunda.Kuti uchengetedze kupisa.Husiku, kupisa uku kuchaburitswa kuchengetedza tembiricha chiyero mushedhi.Madhuri ezvidhina, madziro esimende plaster, uye madziro evhu zvese zvine simba rekuchengetedza kupisa.Kazhinji zviri nani kutora zvidhinha-kongiri chimiro chemadziro e greenhouses.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-07-2021